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Preliminary Report of the Cooperative Thyrotoxicosis Therapy Follow-Up Study

Eugene L. Saenger, MD; George E. Thoma, MD; Edythalena A. Tompkins

JAMA. 1968;205(12):855-862.

Abstract
This study was conducted to test for an increase in the incidence of leukemia in hyperthyroid patients treated by radioactive iodine¹³¹I as compared to the incidence in patients treated differently. Of 36,000 patients from 26 medical centers, approximately 22,000 were treated with¹³¹I and about 14,000 were treated surgically or solely with antithyroid drugs. More than 96% of patients were followed up. Forty-four cases of leukemia occurred after, and 16 before, treatment. The incidence of leukemia in patients treated with¹³¹I for hyperthyroidism and the incidence in those treated surgically do not differ. Patients both undergoing surgery and receiving¹³¹I have a higher incidence of leukemia than any other treatment group. The observed mortality from leukemia for hyperthyroid patients is 50% higher than that of the US population.

Footnotes
For a complete list of participants, see page 862.

Reprint requests to 3231 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati 45229 (Dr. Saenger).

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