This Article  • References  • Full text PDF  • Correction  • Send to a friend  • Save in My Folder  • Save to citation manager  • Permissions  Citing Articles  • Citation map  • Citing articles on HighWire  • Contact me when this article is cited  Related Content  • Similar articles in JAMA  Social Bookmarking   What's this?

New Light on an Old Disease

Saul Krugman, MD; Joan P. Giles, MD

JAMA. 1970;212(6):1019-1029.

Abstract
Tests for the presence of Australia or hepatitisassociated antigen (HAA) and antibody (anti-HAA) were performed on more than 25,000 serum specimens from more than 700 patients with viral hepatitis. Hepatitisassociated antigen was consistently present in sera from patients with MS-2 strain of serum hepatitis (SH); it was not present in MS-1, infectious hepatitis (IH). Hepatitis-associated antigen was detected earlier after a parenteral exposure to SH than after an oral exposure. Antigen appeared two weeks to two months before onset of jaundice; it was transient in 65% of patients, but persisted for four months to 13 years in 35% of children. The average incubation period of IH (MS-1) was essentially the same following an oral or parenteral exposure (32 to 33 days); in SH (MS-2) it was 65 days after parenteral exposure and 98 days after oral exposure. Gamma-globulin consistently neutralized the infectivity of IH (MS-1) serum; in most cases it did not neutralize the infectivity of SH (MS-2) serum.

Author Affiliations
From the Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York; and the Willowbrook State School, Staten Island, NY

Footnotes
Read in part before the 82nd annual meeting of the Association of American Physicians, Atlantic City, NJ, May 5, 1970.

Reprint requests to 550 First Ave, New York 10016 (Dr. Krugman).

CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    Twitter     What's this?

THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES

Hepatitis A in the Era of Vaccination
Wasley et al.
Epidemiol Rev 2006;28:101-111.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Hepatitis B Virus Infection -- Natural History and Clinical Consequences
Ganem and Prince
NEJM 2004;350:1118-1129.
FULL TEXT  

Four Models of the Physician-Patient Relationship
Emanuel and Emanuel
JAMA 1992;267:2221-2226.
ABSTRACT  

Hepatitis B Carriers in the Classroom
Krugman
JAMA 1985;254:3218-3219.
ABSTRACT  

Asymptomatic Rectal Mucosal Lesions and Hepatitis B Surface Antigen at Sites of Sexual Contact in Homosexual Men with Persistent Hepatitis B Virus Infection: Evidence for de facto Parenteral Transmission
REINER et al.
ANN INTERN MED 1982;96:170-173.
ABSTRACT  

The Hepatitis B Saga
Hussey
JAMA 1981;245:1317-1318.
ABSTRACT  

Experiences with 118 Infants Born to Narcotic-using Mothers: Does a Lowered Serum-lonized Calcium Level Contribute to the Symptoms of Withdrawal?
Oleske
CLIN PEDIATR 1977;16:418-423.
 

Absence of Complete Homologous Immunity in Hepatitis B Infection After Massive Exposure
TREPO and PRINCE
ANN INTERN MED 1976;85:427-430.
ABSTRACT  

The Liver and the Antigens of Hepatitis B
GITNICK et al.
ANN INTERN MED 1976;85:488-496.
ABSTRACT  

Prevention of Nosocomial Viral Hepatitis, Type B (Hepatitis B)
SNYDMAN et al.
ANN INTERN MED 1975;83:838-845.
ABSTRACT  

Hepatitis B Antigen in Infants Born to Mothers With Chronic Hepatitis B Antigenemia in Taiwan
Anderson et al.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1975;129:1389-1392.
ABSTRACT  

Dental Infection With Hepatitis B
Williams et al.
JAMA 1975;232:1231-1233.
ABSTRACT  

Acute Viral Hepatitis in Adults: Comparison of the Radioimmunoassay and Counterimmunoelectrophoresis Methods of Detecting HBsAg
Wenzel et al.
JAMA 1975;232:366-368.
ABSTRACT  

Hepatitis B Transmitted by a Human Bite
MacQuarrie et al.
JAMA 1974;230:723-724.
ABSTRACT  

Liver Disease in Kidney Transplant Patients Receiving Azathioprine
Ireland et al.
Arch Intern Med 1973;132:29-37.
ABSTRACT  

Australia Antigen (Hepatitis B Antigen): A Conformational Antigen Dependent on Disulfide Bonds
Vyas et al.
Science 1972;178:1300-1301.
ABSTRACT  

Radioimmunoassay Detection of Hepatitis Type B Antigen: A Prospective Study in Blood Donors and Recipients
Giorgini et al.
JAMA 1972;222:1514-1518.
ABSTRACT  

Subtypes of Australia Antigen and Hepatitis-B Virus
Le Bouvier et al.
JAMA 1972;222:928-930.
ABSTRACT  

Immune Serum Globulin for Protection Against Viral Hepatitis: Recommendation of the Public Health Service Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices
ANN INTERN MED 1972;77:427-430.
ABSTRACT  

The Holy Cross Hepatitis Outbreak: Clinical and Chemical Abnormalities
Wacker et al.
Arch Intern Med 1972;130:357-360.
ABSTRACT  

Infectious and Serum Viral Hepatitis: Differentiation With Serum IgM and Thymol Turbidity as Criteria
Barreto and Klatskin
JAMA 1972;221:571-575.
ABSTRACT  

Anicteric Hepatitis Presenting as Polyarthritis
Stevens et al.
JAMA 1972;220:687-689.
ABSTRACT  

Risk of Posttransfusion Hepatitis in the United States: A Prospective Cooperative Study
JAMA 1972;220:692-701.
ABSTRACT  

Drug Abuse and Viral Hepatitis in Marines
Wenzel et al.
JAMA 1972;220:707-709.
ABSTRACT  

Viral Hepatitis: Differential Diagnostic Features Between Infections With Type A and B Viruses
Giles and Krugman
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1972;123:281-282.
ABSTRACT  

Protracted and Recurrent Forms of Viral Hepatitis
Wewalka
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1972;123:283-286.
ABSTRACT  

Epidemiology of Infectious Hepatitis
Raska et al.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1972;123:340-345.
ABSTRACT  

Epidemiologic Aspects of Viral Hepatitis in Greece
Hadziyannis et al.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1972;123:356-357.
ABSTRACT  

Epidemiology of Type A Infections
Celers
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1972;123:359-364.
ABSTRACT  

Epidemiological Study of Type B Hepatitis in Communities
Drouhet
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1972;123:368-373.
ABSTRACT  

Australia Antigen and the Human Fetus
Cossart et al.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1972;123:376-378.
ABSTRACT  

Australia Antigen in a Child With Congenital Malformations and in His Mother
Marshall and Dudgeon
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1972;123:378-379.
ABSTRACT  

Hepatitis Associated Antigen (HAA) in Pregnant Women and Their Newborn Infants
Skinhoj et al.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1972;123:380-381.
ABSTRACT  

Australia Antigen, Posttransfusion Hepatitis, and the Chronic Carrier State
Sutnick et al.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1972;123:392-400.
ABSTRACT  

Inapparent Infections in the Course of an Epidemic of Australia-SH-Antigen Positive Hepatitis
Schober et al.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1972;123:404-405.
ABSTRACT  

Prevention of Virus B Hepatitis (SH Hepatitis)
Soulier et al.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1972;123:429-434.
ABSTRACT  

Viral Hepatitis, Type B (MS-2 Strain) Prevention With Specific Hepatitis B Immune Serum Globulin
Krugman et al.
JAMA 1971;218:1665-1670.
ABSTRACT  

Prophylactic Gamma Globulin for Prevention of Endemic Hepatitis: Effects of US Gamma Globulin Upon the Incidence of Viral Hepatitis and Other Infectious Diseases in US Soldiers Abroad
A Cooperative Study
Arch Intern Med 1971;128:723-738.
ABSTRACT  

Family With Hepatitis-Associated Antigen: Spectrum of Liver Pathology
Bancroft et al.
JAMA 1971;217:1817-1820.
ABSTRACT  

A Serological Survey for Australia Antigen and Antibody
Newman et al.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1971;122:129-133.
ABSTRACT  

Viral Hepatitis, Type B (MS-2 Strain) Studies On Active Immunization
Krugman et al.
JAMA 1971;217:41-45.
ABSTRACT  

Aquisition Of Hepatitis-Associated Antigen: Clinical Features in Young Adults
Barker and Murray
JAMA 1971;216:1970-1976.
ABSTRACT