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A Prospective Study in Blood Donors and Recipients

Gino L. Giorgini, Jr., MD; F. Blaine Hollinger, MD; Leslie Leduc; S. Issarescu, MD; Jack George, MT; Alden Blackman, MD; Walter R. Thayer, Jr., MD

JAMA. 1972;222(12):1514-1518.

Abstract
Of 161 recipients who received blood transfusions at the Providence, RI, Veteran's Administration Hospital, seven (4.3%) developed biochemical and/or histological evidence of viral hepatitis. Hepatitis type B antigen (HBAg) appeared in the sera from five of these patients during the course of their disease. One of these patients had received a unit of blood containing HBAg detected by counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE). The other four patients with HBAg-positive serum had received blood presumably negative for HBAg by CIE. However, subsequent studies using a sensitive double-antibody radioimmunoassay (RIA-DA) procedure revealed HBAg in ten of the 91 units administered to these four patients in which type B viral hepatitis had developed. Thus, donor blood negative for HBAg by the currently recommended CIE method may contain low HBAg concentrations detectable by RIA-DA which, when administered to recipients, can result in viral hepatitis type B.

Author Affiliations
From the Department of Pathology, Providence Veterans Administration Hospital (Drs. Issarescu and Thayer and Mr. George), the Department of Medical Research, Rhode Island Hospital (Drs. Giorgini and Blackman and Ms. Leduc), the Department of Medical Science, Brown University (Drs. Giorgini and Thayer), Providence, RI, and the Department of Virology and Epidemiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Dr. Hollinger). Dr. Giorgini is now with the Gastroenterology Clinic and Research Branch, Naval Hospital, National Naval Medical Center, Bethesda, Md.

Footnotes
Reprint requests to Department of Virology and Epidemiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston 77025 (Dr. Hollinger).

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