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Lois A. Maiman, PhD; Lawrence W. Green, DPH; Geoffrey Gibson, PhD; Ellen J. MacKenzie, MSc

JAMA. 1979;241(18):1919-1922.

Abstract
A prospective experimental design evaluated the ability of a series of educational and motivational interventions to enhance self-treatment by adult asthmatics and to reduce use of emergency department services for asthma attacks. After treatment for an asthma attack, subjects were randomly assigned to the following sequential interventions: (1) reinforcement by interpersonal similarity at the time of the emergency visit, (2) receipt of positive written appeals, and (3) follow-up telephone reinforcement. The asthmatic nurse educator was generally more effective in achieving short-term reduction of emergency department visits. Although the usefulness of the positive written appeal increased when employed by the asthmatic nurse, there were no substantive independent effects of the written message on emergency department use.

(JAMA 241:1919-1922, 1979)

Author Affiliations
From the Health Services Research and Development Center (Drs Maiman and Gibson and Ms MacKenzie) and Division of Health Education, School of Hygiene and Public Health (Drs Maiman and Green), The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore. Dr Maiman is now with the College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.

Footnotes
Reprint requests to Department of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, 128 Pleasant St, Minneapolis, MN 55455 (Dr Maiman).

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