Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for 144 patients with severe aplastic anemia
M. M. Bortin, R. P. Gale and A. A. Rimm
Comprehensive data were reported to the International Bone Marrow
Transplant Registry by 24 worldwide teams regarding 144 patients with
severe aplastic anemia who were treated with HLA-identical, allogeneic bone
marrow transplantation between 1975 and 1978. One hundred fourteen patients
received one transplant and 30 received two. Sustained engraftment of donor
marrow occurred on the first transplant attempt in 76% of the patients
whose engraftment status could be evaluated. Moderate, severe, or lethal
graft-vs-host disease (GVHD) occurred in 52% of the engrafted patients. The
one-year survival rate for all patients was 44% (64/144). Among the
one-year survivors, the primary disease was apparently cured in 90% and
improved in 10%. Thus far, four patients died one to five years after
transplant. Of the 60 patients currently alive, ten have chronic GVHD and
the remainder are in good health. Multivariate analyses of the data
disclosed a number of pretransplant factors associated with engraftment,
GVHD, and one-year survival. The most important finding was that the use of
male donors was preferable to female donors because of a higher rate of
engraftment, less severe GVHD, and a higher one-year survival rate.
