Successful immunization of children with and without maternal antibody by aerosolized measles vaccine. I. Different results with undiluted human diploid cell and chick embryo fibroblast vaccines
A. B. Sabin, A. Flores Arechiga, J. Fernandez de Castro, J. L. Sever, D. L. Madden, I. Shekarchi and P. Albrecht
Inhalation of undiluted, aerosolized measles vaccine was immunogenic in
100% of 4- to 6-month-old and older children with and without residual
maternal antibody when the human diploid cell (HDC) vaccine containing the
Ikic (Edmonston-Zagreb) strain and 1% human albumin was used but in a
smaller percentage of infants given a chick embryo fibroblast (CEF)
vaccine, which contained the Edmonston-Schwarz strain, ten times more
virus, and hypertonic sugar solution but no added protein. Prevaccination
residual placentally transmitted plaque-neutralizing antibody titers of 25
to 512 that can prevent an immune response after subcutaneous injection of
measles vaccine did not prevent an immune response after inhalation of
aerosolized vaccine. There were no immediate clinical reactions in the 160
children who inhaled the aerosolized vaccines, and no significant
subsequent reactions among the 96 children who were successfully immunized.
There were no contact infections.
