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I. Different Results With Undiluted Human Diploid Cell and Chick Embryo Fibroblast Vaccines

Albert B. Sabin, MD; Amador Flores Arechiga, MD; Jorge Fernández de Castro, MD; John L. Sever, MD, PhD; David L. Madden, DVM, PhD; Isabel Shekarchi, PhD; Paul Albrecht, MD

JAMA. 1983;249(19):2651-2662.

Abstract
Inhalation of undiluted, aerosolized measles vaccine was immunogenic in 100% of 4- to 6-month-old and older children with and without residual maternal antibody when the human diploid cell (HDC) vaccine containing the Iki (Edmonston-Zagreb) strain and 1% human albumin was used but in a smaller percentage of infants given a chick embryo fibroblast (CEF) vaccine, which contained the Edmonston-Schwarz strain, ten times more virus, and hypertonic sugar solution but no added protein. Prevaccination residual placentally transmitted plaque-neutralizing antibody titers of 25 to 512 that can prevent an immune response after subcutaneous injection of measles vaccine did not prevent an immune response after inhalation of aerosolized vaccine. There were no immediate clinical reactions in the 160 children who inhaled the aerosolized vaccines, and no significant subsequent reactions among the 96 children who were successfully immunized. There were no contact infections.

(JAMA 1983;249:2651-2662)

Author Affiliations
From the Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston (Dr Sabin); Sistema para El Desarrollo Integral de la Familia de Nuevo León, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico (Dr Flores Arechiga), and Dirreción General de Epidemiologia, Secretaría de Salubridad y Asistencia (Dr Fernández de Castro), Mexico City; the Infectious Diseases Branch, National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health (Drs Sever, Madden, and Shekarchi), and the Division of Virology, Bureau of Biologics, Food and Drug Administration, Public Health Service, US Department of Health and Human Services (Dr Albrecht), Bethesda, Md. Dr Sabin is now Emeritus Distinguished Research Professor of Biomedicine in Washington, DC.

Footnotes
A preliminary abstract of this article was published in The Lancet (1982;2:604).

Reprint requests to 3101 New Mexico Ave NW, Apt 1001, Washington, DC 20016 (Dr Sabin).

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