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Paul T. Williams, MS; Peter D. Wood, DSc; Karen M. Vranizan, MA; John J. Albers, PhD; Susan C. Garay, MS; C. Barr Taylor, MD

JAMA. 1985;253(10):1407-1411.

Abstract
Coffee intake from three-day diet records was studied in association with plasma lipoprotein concentrations in a cross-sectional sample of 77 middle-aged American men to determine the significance and form of their interrelationships. The number of cups consumed per day correlated positively with levels of apolipoprotein B (r=.27, P.01) and became more strongly correlated when adjusted for age, cigarette use, adiposity, aerobic capacity, nutrient intake, and stress. Coffee intake also correlated with total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels when adjusted for these confounding factors. Graphic analyses revealed that plasma concentrations of apolipoprotein B and LDL-cholesterol were unrelated to intake of up to 2 cups of coffee per day and positively associated with intake exceeding 2 to 3 cups. These results suggest that male heavy coffee drinkers have lipoprotein profiles suggestive of increased cardiovascular disease risk, although the causality remains to be determined.

(JAMA 1985;253:1407-1411)

Author Affiliations
From the Stanford Center for Research in Disease Prevention, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif (Mr Williams, Drs Wood and Taylor, and Mss Vranizan and Garay); and the Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle (Dr Albers).

Footnotes
Reprint requests to Stanford Center for Research in Disease Prevention, 730 Welch Rd, Suite B, Stanford, CA 94305 (Mr Williams).

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