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Reduction in Illness and Complications During an Influenza A (H3N2) Epidemic

Peter A. Patriarca, MD; Judith A. Weber, MPH; Robert A. Parker, ScD; William N. Hall, MD; Alan P. Kendal, PhD; Dennis J. Bregman, MS; Lawrence B. Schonberger, MD, MPH

JAMA. 1985;253(8):1136-1139.

Abstract
From December 10, 1982, to March 4, 1983, when influenza A (H3N2) viruses circulated in Michigan, outbreaks of influenza-like illness were identified in seven nursing homes in Genesee County; 272 (27%) of 1,018 residents were affected. Unvaccinated residents were more likely than vaccinated residents to become ill (risk ratio [RR], 2.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.8-3.6) and were subsequently more likely to be hospitalized (RR, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.2-4.8), develop roentgenographically proven pneumonia (RR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.6-5.3), or die (RR, 5.6; 95% CI, 1.2-9.1). Similar observations were made during investigations in six of the eight remaining nursing homes in Genesee County, in which 57 (12%) of 458 residents became ill sporadically. These findings suggest that influenza vaccine can reduce the incidence and severity of influenza virus infections among the elderly and chronically ill and underscore the importance of vaccination programs for those in nursing homes and in the general community.

(JAMA 1985;253:1136-1139)

Author Affiliations
From the Influenza Branch (Drs Patriarca and Kendal), Statistics and Processing Activity (Dr Parker and Mr Bregman), and Epidemiology Office (Dr Schonberger), Division of Viral Diseases, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta; and the Michigan Department of Public Health, Lansing (Ms Weber and Dr Hall).

Footnotes
Presented in part at the 24th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Washington, DC, Oct 8-10, 1984.

Reprint requests to Influenza Branch, 7-112, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 (Dr Patriarca).

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