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A. Eugene Washington, MD; Peter S. Arno, PhD; Marie A. Brooks, MBA

JAMA. 1986;255(13):1735-1738.

Abstract
Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is one of the most widespread and debilitating diseases affecting women today. To calculate the economic costs of PID and PID-associated ectopic pregnancy and infertility in the United States, we analyzed data from local hospitals and from several state and national sources. Direct and indirect costs were computed. We found that the total cost of PID and PID-associated ectopic pregnancy and infertility exceeded $2.6 billion in 1984. By 1990, the estimated cost of PID and its sequelae will total $3.50 billion per year, if the annual medical care inflation is 5% and the incidence of PID remains constant during this six-year period. These estimated costs of PID and its associated sequelae emphasize the urgent need for effective programs to prevent PID.

(JAMA 1986;255:1735-1738)

Author Affiliations
From the Division of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Center for Prevention Services, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta (Dr Washington); the Pew Postdoctoral Fellowship Program in Health Policy, Institute on Health and Aging (Dr Arno), and the Clinical Epidemiology Program (Dr Washington), Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California School of Medicine, San Francisco; and the Morgan Bank, New York (Ms Brooks).

Footnotes
Reprint requests to Technical Information Services, Center for Prevention Services, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333.

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