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A Preliminary In Situ Analysis

Mark H. Stoler, MD; Thomas A. Eskin, MD; Steven Benn, MD; Robert C. Angerer, PhD; Lynne M. Angerer, PhD

JAMA. 1986;256(17):2360-2364.

Abstract
Patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are subject to a spectrum of central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Recent evidence implicates the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) in the pathogenesis of some of these illnesses, although the cells infected by the virus have yet to be identified. Using in situ hybridization, we examined brain tissue from two patients with AIDS encephalopathy for the presence of HTLV-III RNA. In both cases, viral RNA was detected and concentrated in, though not limited to, the white matter. The CNS cells most frequently infected included macrophages, pleomorphic microglia, and multinucleated giant cells. Less frequently, cells morphologically consistent with astrocytes, oligodendroglia, and rarely neurons were also infected. The findings strengthen the association of HTLV-III with the pathogenesis of AIDS encephalopathy. In situ hybridization can be applied to routinely prepared biopsy tissue in the diagnosis of HTLV-III infection of the CNS.

(JAMA 1986;256:2360-2364)

Author Affiliations
From the Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Drs Stoler and Eskin), Pediatrics (Dr Benn), and Biology (Drs R. and L. Angerer), University of Rochester (NY).

Footnotes
Reprint requests to Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Box 626, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14642 (Dr Stoler).

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