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Lionel Resnick, MD; Jay S. Herbst, MD; Dharam V. Ablashi, PhD; Sally Atherton, PhD; Beryn Frank; Les Rosen, MD; Stephen N. Horwitz, MD

JAMA. 1988;259(3):384-388.

Abstract
To define the role of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in the pathogenesis of oral hairy leukoplakia, 13 human immunodeficiency virus—seropositive men with clinical and histologic evidence of oral hairy leukoplakia were enrolled in an open-label trial of orally administered acyclovir therapy (3.2 g/d for 20 days). Of six patients who received therapy, five exhibited clinical regression. Once therapy was discontinued, recurrences occurred in all responders. Among seven patients who refused therapy, no spontaneous remissions occurred. Before therapy, EBV replication within the leukoplakia was demonstrated by immunofluorescence tissue staining or electron microscopy in five patients who were studied. Human papillomavirus was not detected by immunocytochemistry or electron microscopy from tissue specimens of six patients. After therapy, biopsy specimens from two patients with complete responses revealed a normalization of histologic abnormalities and an inability to detect EBV in previously involved mucosa by immunofluorescence or in situ DNA hybridization assays. It was concluded that EBV replication within the epithelial cells of the tongue is necessary for the development of oral hairy leukoplakia.

(JAMA 1988;259:384-388)

Author Affiliations
From the Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, Fla (Drs Resnick, Herbst, Rosen, and Horwitz and Ms Frank); the Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami School of Medicine (Drs Resnick and Atherton); and the Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md (Dr Ablashi).

Footnotes
Presented at the International Conference on AIDS, Washington, DC, June 1,1987.

Reprint requests to Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, 4300 Alton Rd, Miami Beach, FL 33140 (Dr Resnick).

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