Diarrheal deaths in American children. Are they preventable?
M. S. Ho, R. I. Glass, P. F. Pinsky, N. C. Young-Okoh, W. M. Sappenfield, J. W. Buehler, N. Gunter and L. J. Anderson
Division of Viral Diseases, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333.
We reviewed national mortality data for 1973 through 1983 to assess the
importance of diarrheal diseases as a cause of preventable childhood death
in the United States. An average of 500 children aged 1 month to 4 years
died each year with diarrhea reported as the cause of death. These
diarrheal deaths were most common among children who were younger than 1
year of age, black, and living in the South, and were most common during
the winter. In Mississippi, review of fatal cases of diarrhea identified
maternal factors--black race, young age, unmarried status, low level of
education, and little prenatal care--to be most associated with diarrheal
death in the child. Fifty percent of these deaths occurred after a child
had reached a medical facility. Our findings suggest that diarrheal deaths
may be preventable and that targeted interventions could contribute to
improved child survival in the United States.
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