This Article  • References  • Full text PDF  • Send to a friend  • Save in My Folder  • Save to citation manager  • Permissions  Citing Articles  • Citation map  • Citing articles on HighWire  • Contact me when this article is cited  Related Content  • Similar articles in JAMA  Social Bookmarking   What's this?

H. Peter Chase, MD; William E. Jackson, MD; Sandy L. Hoops, CHA; Rebecca S. Cockerham; Philip G. Archer, ScD; Donough O'Brien, MD, FRCP

JAMA. 1989;261(8):1155-1160.

Abstract
Two hundred thirty subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes were followed up longitudinally by measuring glycohemoglobin values to relate glucose control with renal and retinal complications. Subjects with long-term poor control (glycohemoglobin values >1.5 times the upper limit of normal) had 3.6 times the prevalence of microalbuminuria and 2.5 times the prevalence of level 3 to 6 retinopathy than that found in subjects with long-term good control (glycohemoglobin values within 1.33 times the upper limit of normal). Variables related to kidney damage were glucose control and, to a lesser degree, duration of diabetes. Variables related to eye disease were, in descending order of significance, duration of diabetes, glucose control, and age. No subject whose mean glycohemoglobin value was consistently within 1.1 times the upper limit of normal had retinopathy or microalbuminuria. In contrast, when the mean glycohemoglobin value was more than 1.5 times the upper limit of normal, 24 (29%) of 82 subjects had microalbuminuria and 30 (37%) of 82 had level 3 to 6 retinopathy.

(JAMA 1989;261:1155-1160)

Author Affiliations
From the Departments of Pediatrics (Drs Chase and O'Brien, Ms Hoops, and Ms Cockerham), Ophthalmology (Dr Jackson), and Preventive Medicine/Biometrics (Dr Archer), University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver.

Footnotes
Reprint requests to Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, Box B140, 4200 E Ninth Ave, Denver, CO 80262 (Dr Chase).

CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    Twitter     What's this?

THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES

The Relation of Markers of Inflammation and Endothelial Dysfunction to the Prevalence and Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy: Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy
Klein et al.
Arch Ophthalmol 2009;127:1175-1182.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Medical Management of Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes: A Consensus Algorithm for the Initiation and Adjustment of Therapy: A consensus statement of the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes
Nathan et al.
Clin. Diabetes 2009;27:4-16.
FULL TEXT  

Medical Management of Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes: A Consensus Algorithm for the Initiation and Adjustment of Therapy: A consensus statement of the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes
Nathan et al.
Diabetes Spectr. 2009;22:6-17.
FULL TEXT  

Medical Management of Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes: A Consensus Algorithm for the Initiation and Adjustment of Therapy: A consensus statement of the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes
Nathan et al.
Diabetes Care 2009;32:193-203.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Management of Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes: A Consensus Algorithm for the Initiation and Adjustment of Therapy: A consensus statement from the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes
Nathan et al.
Diabetes Care 2006;29:1963-1972.
FULL TEXT  

Effects of Aldose Reductase Inhibitors and Galactose Withdrawal on Fluorescein Angiographic Lesions in Galactose-Fed Dogs
Cusick et al.
Arch Ophthalmol 2003;121:1745-1751.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

The Distribution and Regulation of Integrin-Linked Kinase in Normal and Diabetic Kidneys
Guo et al.
Am. J. Pathol. 2001;159:1735-1742.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Poor Glycemic Control Predicts Coronary Heart Disease Events in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Without Nephropathy
Lehto et al.
Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio. 1999;19:1014-1019.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Diabetes, advanced glycation endproducts and vascular disease
Wautier and Guillausseau
Vasc Med 1998;3:131-137.
ABSTRACT  

Auditing paediatric diabetes care and the impact of a specialist nurse trained in paediatric diabetes
Cowan et al.
Arch. Dis. Child. 1997;77:109-114.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

The Influence of Demographic and Treatment Variables on the Health Beliefs of Adults with Diabetes
Quackenbush et al.
The Diabetes Educator 1996;22:231-236.
 

The Pathophysiology of Diabetic Complications: How Much Does the Glucose Hypothesis Explain?
Nathan
ANN INTERN MED 1996;124:86-89.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Relation of Glycemic Control to Diabetic Microvascular Complications in Diabetes Mellitus
Klein et al.
ANN INTERN MED 1996;124:90-96.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Intensive therapy and progression to clinical albuminuria in patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and microalbuminuria
Microalbuminuria Collaborative Study Group
BMJ 1995;311:973-977.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Longitudinal Study of Associations of Microalbuminuria With the Insulin Resistance Syndrome and Sodium-Lithium Countertransport in Nondiabetic Subjects
Foyle et al.
Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio. 1995;15:1330-1337.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Glycosylated Hemoglobin and the Risk of Microalbuminuria in Patients with Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
Krolewski et al.
NEJM 1995;332:1251-1255.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Relationship of Hyperglycemia to the Long-term Incidence and Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy
Klein et al.
Arch Intern Med 1994;154:2169-2178.
ABSTRACT  

Oral Contraceptives and Renal and Retinal Complications in Young Women With Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
Garg et al.
JAMA 1994;271:1099-1102.
ABSTRACT  

Declining Incidence of Nephropathy in Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
Bojestig et al.
NEJM 1994;330:15-18.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

The Effect of Intensive Treatment of Diabetes on the Development and Progression of Long-Term Complications in Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Resea
NEJM 1993;329:977-986.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Long-Term Complications of Diabetes Mellitus
Nathan
NEJM 1993;328:1676-1685.
FULL TEXT  

Prevalence of, and Risk Factors for, Angiographically Determined Coronary Artery Disease in Type I-Diabetic Patients With Nephropathy
Manske et al.
Arch Intern Med 1992;152:2450-2455.
ABSTRACT  

Puberty and Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
Rogers
CLIN PEDIATR 1992;31:168-173.
 

Cigarette Smoking Increases the Risk of Albuminuria Among Subjects With Type I Diabetes
Chase et al.
JAMA 1991;265:614-617.
ABSTRACT  

Vitreous Fluorophotometry in Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus: Correlation With Microalbuminuria and Diastolic Blood Pressure
Jackson et al.
Arch Ophthalmol 1990;108:1733-1735.
ABSTRACT  

The Use of the Markov Process in Describing the Natural Course of Diabetic Retinopathy
Garg et al.
Arch Ophthalmol 1990;108:1245-1247.
ABSTRACT  

High-Normal Blood Pressure and Early Diabetic Nephropathy
Chase et al.
Arch Intern Med 1990;150:639-641.
ABSTRACT  

Microalbuminuria in Adolescents With Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
Cook and Daneman
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1990;144:234-237.
ABSTRACT  

Renal and Retinal Complications in Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus: The Art of Changing the Outcome
Hoops
The Diabetes Educator 1990;16:221-230.
 

GLUCOSE CONTROL AND DIABETIC COMPLICATIONS
JWatch General 1989;1989:2-2.
FULL TEXT