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Do Cessation Programs Help?

Michael C. Fiore, MD, MPH; Thomas E. Novotny, MD; John P. Pierce, PhD; Gary A. Giovino, PhD; Evridiki J. Hatziandreu, MD, PhD; Polly A. Newcomb, PhD; Tanya S. Surawicz, MPH; Ronald M. Davis, MD

JAMA. 1990;263(20):2760-2765.

Abstract
Using data from the 1986 Adult Use of Tobacco Survey, we analyzed smoking-cessation methods used by adult smokers in the United States who tried to quit. About 90% of successful quitters and 80% of unsuccessful quitters used individual methods of smoking cessation rather than organized programs. Most of these smokers who quit on their own used a "cold turkey" approach. Multivariate analysis showed that women, middle-aged persons, more educated persons, persons who had made more quit-smoking attempts, and, particularly, heavier smokers were most likely to use a cessation program. Daily cigarette consumption, however, did not predict whether persons would succeed or fail during their attempts to quit smoking. Rather, the cessation method used was the strongest predictor of success. Among smokers who had attempted cessation within the previous 10 years, 47.5% of persons who tried to quit on their own were successful whereas only 23.6% of persons who used cessation programs succeeded. We conclude that cessation programs serve a small, but important, population of smokers that includes heavier smokers, those most at risk for tobacco-related morbidity and mortality.

(JAMA. 1990;263:2760-2765)

Author Affiliations
From the Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison (Dr Fiore); Office on Smoking and Health, Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control, Rockville, Md (Drs Novotny, Pierce, Giovino, and Davis); Office of Technology Assessment, US Congress, Washington, DC (Dr Hatziandreu); and University of Wisconsin Clinical Cancer Center, Madison (Dr Newcomb and Ms Surawicz).

Footnotes
Reprint requests to Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Room J5-214, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792 (Dr Fiore).

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