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A Case-Control Study

Walter Stevens, PhD; Ducan C. Thomas, PhD; Joseph L. Lyon, MD, MPH; John E. Till, PhD; Richard A. Kerber, PhD; Steven L. Simon, PhD; Ray D. Lloyd, PhD; Naima Abd Elghany, MD, PhD; Susan Preston-Martin, PhD

JAMA. 1990;264(5):585-591.

Abstract
Previous studies reported an association between leukemia rates and amounts of fallout in southwestern Utah from nuclear tests (1952 to 1958), but individual radiation exposures were unavailable. Therefore, a case-control study with 1177 individuals who died of leukemia and 5330 other deaths (controls) was conducted using estimates of dose to bone marrow computed from fallout deposition rates and subjects' residence locations. A weak association between bone marrow dose and all types of leukemia, all ages, and all time periods after exposure was found. This overall trend was not statistically significant, but significant trends in excess risk were found in subgroups defined by cell type, age, and time after exposure. The greatest excess risk was found in those individuals in the high-dose group with acute leukemia who were younger than 20 years at exposure and who died before 1964. These results are consistent with previous studies and with risk estimates for other populations exposed to radiation.

(JAMA. 1990;264:585-591)

Author Affiliations
From the Department of Anatomy (Dr Stevens), the Department of Family and Preventive Medicine (Drs Lyon and Elghany), the Scientific Computing Center (Dr Kerber), and the Division of Radiobiology (Dr Lloyd), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City; Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles (Drs Thomas and Preston-Martin); the Radiological Assessments Corporation, Neeses, SC (Dr Till); and University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill (Dr Simon). Dr Simon is currently doing research for the government of the Marshall Islands.

Footnotes
Presented in part at the annual meeting of the Society for Epidemiologic Research, Snowbird, Utah, June 14, 1990.

Reprint requests to Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, The University of Utah Medical Center, 50 N Medical Dr, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 (Dr Lyon).

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