This Article  • References  • Full text PDF  • Send to a friend  • Save in My Folder  • Save to citation manager  • Permissions  Citing Articles  • Citation map  • Citing articles on HighWire  • Citing articles on Web of Science (75)  • Contact me when this article is cited  Related Content  • Similar articles in JAMA  Social Bookmarking   What's this?

RayW. Gifford, Jr, MD

JAMA. 1991;266(6):829-835.

Abstract
The availability of potent antihypertensive drugs that will decrease markedly elevated blood pressure within minutes to hours has changed the concepts of definition and therapy of hypertensive emergencies and urgencies. Intravenous infusion of sodium nitroprusside can be used in the truly emergent situation and is effective, reliable, and safe. While oral therapy is more convenient, it is not as consistently effective as parenteral administration and can lead to excessive reductions in blood pressure that are more difficult to manage than when short-acting agents are given intravenously.

(JAMA. 1991;266:829-835)

Author Affiliations
From the Department of Hypertension and Nephrology, The Cleveland (Ohio) Clinic Foundation.

Footnotes
This article is one of a series sponsored by the American Heart Association.

Reprint requests to the Department of Hypertension and Nephrology, Desk A-101, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195-5042(Dr Gifford).

CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    Twitter     What's this?

THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES

Cerebral Hemodynamics During Treatment With Sodium Nitroprusside Versus Labetalol in Malignant Hypertension
Immink et al.
Hypertension 2008;52:236-240.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Brain Stem Hypertensive Encephalopathy Evaluated by Line Scan Diffusion-Weighted Imaging
Nagata et al.
Am. J. Neuroradiol. 2004;25:803-806.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Are hot tubs safe for people with treated hypertension?
Shin et al.
CMAJ 2003;169:1265-1268.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

The Diagnosis and Management of Hypertensive Crises
Varon and Marik
Chest 2000;118:214-227.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

The Use of Sublingual Nifedipine: A Continuing Concern
Messerli and Grossman
Arch Intern Med 1999;159:2259-2260.
FULL TEXT  

Morphodynamics and Pathology of Blood Vessels III: Comparative Morphologic Study of Contraction of Smooth Muscle Cells of Hollow Viscera and its Application to Vasoconstriction and Vasospasm
Lin et al.
ANGIOLOGY 1998;49:503-522.
ABSTRACT  

Should a Moratorium Be Placed on Sublingual Nifedipine Capsules Given for Hypertensive Emergencies and Pseudoemergencies?
Grossman et al.
JAMA 1996;276:1328-1331.
ABSTRACT  

Hypertensive Encephalopathy in Children: Neuroimaging and Treatment
Kandt et al.
J Child Neurol 1995;10:236-239.
 

The Fifth Report of the Joint National Committee on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC V)
Arch Intern Med 1993;153:154-183.
ABSTRACT  

Hypertension and the Brain
Phillips and Whisnant
Arch Intern Med 1992;152:938-945.
ABSTRACT