This Article  • References  • Full text PDF  • Send to a friend  • Save in My Folder  • Save to citation manager  • Permissions  Citing Articles  • Citation map  • Citing articles on HighWire  • Contact me when this article is cited  Related Content  • Similar articles in JAMA  Social Bookmarking   What's this?

Jonathan M. Zenilman, MD; Beth Erickson, MS; Robin Fox, MS; Cindy A. Reichart, BS; Edward W. Hook III, MD

JAMA. 1992;267(6):843-845.

Abstract
Objective.
—To evaluate the effectiveness of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing and posttest counseling in reducing subsequent high-risk behavior.

Methods.
—The incidence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in the Baltimore, Md, public STD clinic population after HIV testing and counseling was determined by chart review and was compared in two groups, 868 HIV-seropositive patients and 1104 HIV-seronegative patients, matched by age, sex, and month in which HIV test was conducted. Patients were observed for incident STDs at intervals of 6 through 23 months. Patients with incident STDs were classified hierarchically after being notified of the HIV test result and receiving posttest counseling.

Results.
—Of HIV-seropositive patients, 615 (71%) returned for their test results and received posttest counseling; 694 HIV-seronegative patients (63%) returned. Of all those who returned for results and posttest counseling, 60 (9.7%) of 615 HIV-seropositive patients and 61 (8.8%) of 694 HIV-seronegative patients were diagnosed at least once with definite STD (syphilis, gonorrhea, or trichomoniasis) (P, not significant). Twenty-four HIV-seropositive patients (3.9%) and 71 HIVseronegative patients (10.2%) returned with probable STD (nongonococcal urethritis or pelvic inflammatory disease) (P<.001). Nine HIV-seropositive patients (1.5%) and 23 HIV-seronegative patients (3.3%) returned having had an STD-infected sexual partner (P<.03). Age, sexual orientation, and drug use behavior did not predict return with STD.

Conclusions.
—Both HIV-seropositive and HIV-seronegative patients showed high rates of repeat STDs after posttest counseling, an important public health challenge in creating effective high-risk behavior prevention strategies.

(JAMA. 1992;267:843-845)

Author Affiliations
From The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases (Drs Zenilman and Hook, and Mss Fox and Reichart), and the Baltimore City Health Department (Drs Zenilman and Hook and Ms Erickson), Baltimore, Md.

Footnotes
Presented in part at the 30th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, October 23, 1990, Atlanta, Ga.

Reprint requests to Division of Infectious Diseases, Blalock 1111, Johns Hopkins Hospital, 600 N Wolfe St. Baltimore, MD 21205 (Dr Zenilman).

CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    Twitter     What's this?

THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES

Heterosexual Behavioral Maintenance and Change Following HIV Counseling and Testing
Amaro et al.
J Health Psychol 2005;10:287-300.
ABSTRACT  

Prevention interventions for HIV positive individuals
DiClemente et al.
Sex. Transm. Infect. 2002;78:393-395.
FULL TEXT  

Effect of HIV Counseling and Testing on Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Condom Use in an Urban Adolescent Population
Clark et al.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1998;152:269-273.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

From exceptionalism to normalisation: a reappraisal of attitudes and practice around HIV testing
De Cock and Johnson
BMJ 1998;316:290-293.
FULL TEXT  

Effect of HIV Antibody Testing and AIDS Education on Communication about HIV Risk and Sexual Behavior: A Randomized, Controlled Trial in College Students
Wenger et al.
ANN INTERN MED 1992;117:905-911.
ABSTRACT