 |
|
Hospital Smoking Bans and Employee Smoking BehaviorResults of a National Survey
Daniel R. Longo, ScD;
Ross C. Brownson, PhD;
Jane C. Johnson, MA;
John E. Hewett, PhD;
Robin L. Kruse, PhD;
Thomas E. Novotny, MD, MPH;
Robert A. Logan, PhD
JAMA. 1996;275(16):1252-1257.
Abstract
| |
Objective.
—To examine the impact of workplace smoking bans on smoking behavior of employees.
Participants.
—A total of 1469 current or former smokers (intervention group) employed in smoke-free hospitals and 920 current or former smokers (comparison group) employed in non—smoke-free workplaces were surveyed to determine smoking behavior.
Design.
—This cross-sectional study is part of a larger, ongoing prospective study. The study design was quasi-experimental. We randomly selected sites consisting of a hospital and a corresponding community. Furthermore, we randomly selected subjects from hospitals and their corresponding communities.
Main Outcome Measures.
—Postban quit ratio and progression along the stages-of-change continuum.
Methods.
—The Cox proportional hazards model was used to compare the postban quit ratio between the intervention and comparison groups. The Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel analysis of variance statistic was used to compare groups on the stages-of-change variables.
Results.
—Beginning with the smoking ban and continuing for 5 years after implementation, statistically significant differences in the postban quit ratio were observed between employees of smoke-free hospitals who were smokers and counterparts in the community (P<.001). Despite preban differences in smoking intensity, the overall difference in postban quit ratios remained significant even after multivariate adjustment for socioeconomic, demographic, and smoking intensity variables. For those sites that were 5 years postban, the quit ratio was 0.506 in smoke-free workplaces compared with 0.377 in workplaces where smoking was permitted. In all but 1 category, the intervention group was further along the stages-of-change continuum toward quitting smoking than the comparison group (P<.001).
Conclusion.
—American hospitals' experiences with smoking bans, which directly affect more than 5 million workers, should be examined by other industries as a method of improving employee health. Workplace smoking bans could also be effective in saving lives, reducing health care costs, addressing safety concerns, and decreasing operating and maintenance expenses of employers.
(JAMA. 1996;275:1252-1257)
Author Affiliations
From the Department of Family and Community Medicine (Drs Longo and Kruse) and Medical Informatics Group (Ms Johnson and Dr Hewett), School of Medicine, Department of Statistics, College of Arts and Sciences (Dr Hewett), and School of Journalism (Dr Logan), University of Missouri—Columbia; Department of Community Health, School of Public Health, Saint Louis (Mo) University (Dr Brownson); and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, liaison to the University of California at Berkeley School of Public Health (Dr Novotny).
Footnotes
Reprints: Daniel R. Longo, ScD, Department of Family and Community Medicine, School of Medicine, MA306 Medical Sciences Building, School of Medicine, University of Missouri—Columbia, Columbia, MO 65212.
 CiteULike  Connotea  Del.icio.us  Digg  Reddit  Technorati  Twitter
What's this?
THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES
|
Perioperative tobacco use interventions in Japan: a survey of thoracic surgeons and anaesthesiologists
Kai et al.
Br J Anaesth 2008;100:404-410.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Eliminating Tobacco Use in Mental Health Facilities: Patients' Rights, Public Health, and Policy Issues
Williams
JAMA 2008;299:571-573.
FULL TEXT
Hospital Smoking Bans and Their Impact
Fee and Brown
AJPH 2004;94:185-185.
FULL TEXT
Effect of smoke-free workplaces on smoking behaviour: systematic review
Fichtenberg and Glantz
BMJ 2002;325:188-188.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Cigarette Taxes and Smoking During Pregnancy
Ringel and Evans
AJPH 2001;91:1851-1856.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
A prospective investigation of the impact of smoking bans on tobacco cessation and relapse
Longo et al.
Tobacco Control 2001;10:267-272.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Impact of workplace smoking restrictions on smoking behaviour and attitudes toward quitting in Japan
MIZOUE et al.
Tobacco Control 2000;9:435-435.
FULL TEXT
The impact of workplace smoking bans: results from a national survey
Farrelly et al.
Tobacco Control 1999;8:272-277.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Implementing smoking bans in American hospitals: results of a national survey
Longo et al.
Tobacco Control 1998;7:47-55.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Preemption in Tobacco Control: Review of an Emerging Public Health Problem
Siegel et al.
JAMA 1997;278:858-863.
ABSTRACT
Recent Advances: Tobacco control
Chapman
BMJ 1996;313:97-100.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
The Ledger of Tobacco Control: Is the Cup Half Empty or Half Full?
Davis
JAMA 1996;275:1281-1284.
ABSTRACT
|
