Prevalence of alcohol-impaired driving. Results from a national self-reported survey of health behaviors
S. Liu, P. Z. Siegel, R. D. Brewer, A. H. Mokdad, D. A. Sleet and M. Serdula
Division of Nutrition and Physical Activity, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.
OBJECTIVE: To estimate how frequently adults in the United States drive
while impaired by alcohol. DESIGN: Telephone survey. SETTING: The 49 states
(and the District of Columbia) that participated in the Behavioral Risk
Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) in 1993. PARTICIPANTS: A total of
102,263 noninstitutionalized adults aged 18 years or older. MAIN OUTCOME
MEASURES: The percentage of respondents who reported alcohol-impaired
driving; number of episodes of alcohol-impaired driving per 1000 adult
population; and total number of episodes of alcohol-impaired driving-each
by age, sex, race, level of education, and state. RESULTS: Overall, 2.5% of
adults reported an estimated 123 million episodes of alcohol-impaired
driving in 1993. This corresponds to 655 episodes of alcohol-impaired
driving for each 1000 adults (range among states per 1000 adults,
165-1550). Alcohol-impaired driving was most frequent among men aged 21 to
34 years (1739 episodes per 1000 adults) and was nearly as frequent among
men aged 18 to 20 years (1623 episodes per 1000 adults), despite
legislation in all states that prohibited the sale of alcohol to persons
younger than age 21 years in 1993. CONCLUSIONS: Alcohol-impaired driving is
common even among underage persons. Strict enforcement of laws that
discourage alcohol-impaired driving is needed along with community and
patient education to reduce the prevalence of alcohol-impaired driving and
prevent injuries and deaths from alcohol-related motor vehicle crashes.
Data from the BRFSS, an ongoing source of national and state-specific data
on the number of episodes of alcohol-impaired driving, are potentially
useful for monitoring trends and evaluating the effect of future efforts to
reduce alcohol-impaired driving.
The Efficacy of the Rio Hondo DUI Court: A 2-Year Field Experiment
MacDonald et al.
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Campos-Outcalt et al.
Inj. Prev. 2003;9:251-256.
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Naimi et al.
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Baker et al.
Inj. Prev. 2002;8:221-226.
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Shults et al.
Inj. Prev. 2002;8:106-110.
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Nelson et al.
JAMA 2002;287:2659-2667.
ABSTRACT
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Vinson et al.
Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. 1998;275:R1049-R1057.
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Alcohol-Related Traffic Fatalities Involving Children--United States, 1985-1996
JAMA 1998;279:104-105.
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Drunk Driving: Common Enough to Discuss with Patients
JWatch Psychiatry 1997;1997:20-20.
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DRUNK DRIVING: COMMON ENOUGH TO DISCUSS WITH PATIENTS
JWatch General 1997;1997:4-4.
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