 |
|
Homicide Rates Among US Teenagers and Young Adults
Differences by Mechanism, Level of Urbanization, Race, and Sex,1987 Through 1995
Lois A. Fingerhut, MA;
Deborah D. Ingram, PhD;
Jacob J. Feldman, PhD
JAMA. 1998;280:423-427.
Context Homicide rates for persons 15 through 24 years old began to decline between 1993 and 1994, but recent trends in homicide rates by mechanism of homicide and urbanization group have not been described.
Objective To examine homicide trends from 1987 through 1995 for persons 15 through 24 years old by urbanization level.
Design Homicide rates by urbanization level were analyzed using the Compressed Mortality File, a county-level mortality and population database maintained by the National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the rural-urban continuum codes developed by the Economic Research Service, US Department of Agriculture.
Setting United States, 1987 through 1995, according to 5 urbanization strata: core, counties with the primary central city of a metropolitan statistical area (MSA) of 1 million or more; fringe, remaining counties within an MSA of 1 million or more; medium, counties within an MSA of 250,000 to 999,999; small, counties in an MSA of less than 250,000; and nonmetropolitan, counties not in an MSA.
Subjects All persons 15 through 24 years old by race whose cause of death was homicide (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes E960-E969).
Main Outcome Measures Firearm and nonfirearm homicide rates and average annual percentage changes by 5 urbanization levels, race, and sex.
Results From 1987 through 1991, the average annual firearm homicide rates among persons 15 through 24 years old among all 5 urbanization strata increased between 10.7% in small counties and 19.8% in fringe counties. From 1991 through 1993, the rates increased between 3.3% in core counties and 11.7% in small counties. From 1993 through 1995, the rates declined between 4.4% in fringe counties and 15.3% in medium counties. By 1995, firearm homicide rates among persons 15 through 24 years old ranged from 6.5 and 7.3 per 100,000 in the nonmetropolitan and small counties, respectively, to 9.6 and 13.3 per 100,000 in the fringe and medium strata, respectively, to 33.5 per 100,000 in the core stratum. During 1987 through 1990, nonfirearm homicide rates either were stable or increased, and from 1990 through 1995, nonfirearm homicide rates declined in all 5 strata, on average 3.7% to 8.0% per year, with rates in 1995 ranging from 2.1 to 4.7 per 100,000 across the strata.
Conclusions After increasing since 1987, firearm and nonfirearm homicide rates began declining between 1993 and 1995 among persons 15 through 24 years old. These declines are taking place across all urbanization strata and among white and black males and females.
From the Office of Analysis, Epidemiology, and Health Promotion, National Center for Health Statistics, Hyattsville, Md. Dr Feldman is retired.
 CiteULike  Connotea  Del.icio.us  Digg  Reddit  Technorati  Twitter
What's this?
RELATED LETTER
Firearm-Related Homicides Among Teenagers and Young Adults
Katherine Kaufer Christoffel and Xavier Bosch
JAMA. 1999;281(4):323-324.
EXTRACT
| FULL TEXT
THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES
|
Non-firearm-related homicide, New Mexico, 2001-3
Kazerouni et al.
Inj. Prev. 2009;15:317-321.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Role of the Pediatrician in Youth Violence Prevention
Committee on Injury, Violence, and Poison Preventi
Pediatrics 2009;124:393-402.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Reducing black/white disparity: changes in injury mortality in the 15-24 year age group, United States, 1999-2005
Hu and Baker
Inj. Prev. 2008;14:205-208.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Firearm Injuries: Epidemic Then, Endemic Now
Christoffel
AJPH 2007;97:626-629.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Firearm Use, Injury, and Lethality in Assaultive Violence: An Examination of Ethnic Differences
Nielsen et al.
Homicide Studies 2005;9:83-108.
ABSTRACT
Deadly Violence in the Heartland: Comparing Homicide Patterns in Nonmetropolitan and Metropolitan Counties
Weisheit and Wells
Homicide Studies 2005;9:55-80.
ABSTRACT
Urban-Rural Shifts in Intentional Firearm Death: Different Causes, Same Results
Branas et al.
AJPH 2004;94:1750-1755.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
No Door to Lock: Victimization Among Homeless and Marginally Housed Persons
Kushel et al.
Arch Intern Med 2003;163:2492-2499.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Examining the Arsenal of Juvenile Gunslingers: Trends and Policy Implications
Ruddell and Mays
Crime Delinquency 2003;49:231-252.
ABSTRACT
Adolescent Femicide: A Population-Based Study
Coyne-Beasley et al.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2003;157:355-360.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
The Rural-Urban Continuum: Variability in Statewide Serious Firearm Injuries in Children and Adolescents
Nance et al.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2002;156:781-785.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Trends in Mortality Due to Legal Intervention in the United States, 1979 Through 1997
Sikora and Mulvihill
AJPH 2002;92:841-843.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
An Anomaly Within the Latino Epidemiological Paradox: The Latino Adolescent Male Mortality Peak
Hayes-Bautista et al.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2002;156:480-484.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Patterns of violence in Karachi, Pakistan
Chotani et al.
Inj. Prev. 2002;8:57-59.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Incidence and Circumstances of Nonfatal Firearm-Related Injuries Among Children and Adolescents
Powell et al.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2001;155:1364-1368.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Aggression and Violence in the Inner City: Effects of Environment via Mental Fatigue
Kuo and Sullivan
Environment and Behavior 2001;33:543-571.
ABSTRACT
National estimates of non-fatal firearm related injuries other than gunshot wounds
Hootman et al.
Inj. Prev. 2000;6:268-274.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Child and Adolescent Injury Research in 1998: A Summary of Abstracts Submitted to the Ambulatory Pediatrics Association and the American Public Health Association
Scheidt et al.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2000;154:442-445.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Mortality Among Men Using Homeless Shelters in Toronto, Ontario
Hwang
JAMA 2000;283:2152-2157.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Coming Up in the Boogie Down: The Role of Violence in the Lives of Adolescents in the South Bronx
Freudenberg et al.
Health Educ Behav 1999;26:788-805.
ABSTRACT
Young guns: an empirical study of persons who use a firearm in a suicide or a homicide
Sorenson and Berk
Inj. Prev. 1999;5:280-283.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
The Future of Firearm Violence Prevention: Building on Success
Wintemute
JAMA 1999;282:475-478.
FULL TEXT
Firearm-Related Homicides Among Teenagers and Young Adults
Christoffel and Bosch
JAMA 1999;281:323-324.
FULL TEXT
Duck and Take Cover
Strasburger
CLIN PEDIATR 1999;38:41-43.
Violence--Ubiquitous, Threatening, and Preventable
Cole and Flanagin
JAMA 1998;280:468-468.
FULL TEXT
|
