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Results From a Multistate Survey

Heidi Michels Blanck, PhD; Laura Kettel Khan, PhD; Mary K. Serdula, MD

JAMA. 2001;286:930-935.

Context  Lifestyle changes to lose weight can be difficult; hence, both prescription and nonprescription diet products are appealing. Usage patterns of the nonprescription products phenylpropanolamine (PPA) and ephedra are of particular interest because of recent safety concerns.

Objective  To estimate the prevalence of overall and specific nonprescription weight loss product use by demographic characteristics, prescription diet pill use, diabetic status, and lifestyle choices.

Design and Setting  The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, a random-digit telephone survey conducted in 1998 in 5 states: Florida, Iowa, Michigan, West Virginia, and Wisconsin.

Participants  Population-based sample of 14 679 noninstitutionalized adults 18 years or older.

Main Outcome Measures  Prevalence of nonprescription weight loss product use in 1996-1998.

Results  Seven percent reported overall nonprescription weight loss product use, 2% reported PPA use, and 1% reported ephedra product use. Overall use was especially common among young obese women (28.4%). Moreover, 7.9% of normal-weight women reported use. There was no difference in nonprescription weight loss product use by daily consumption of fruits and vegetables; however, more users than nonusers reported being physically active (for those who exercised 30 minutes 5 times per week, odds ratio, 1.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-2.0). Among prescription weight loss product users, 33.8% also took nonprescription product.

Conclusions  With increasing rates of obesity, nonprescription product use is likely to increase. Clinicians should know about their patients' use of both prescription and nonprescription weight loss products.

Author Affiliations: Division of Nutrition and Physical Activity, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (Drs Blanck, Khan, and Serdula), and Epidemic Intelligence Service, Division of Applied Public Health Training, Epidemiology Program Office (Dr Blanck), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga.

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