 |
|
Thyroid Neoplasia, Autoimmune Thyroiditis, and Hypothyroidism in Persons Exposed to Iodine 131 From the Hanford Nuclear Site
Scott Davis, PhD;
Kenneth J. Kopecky, PhD;
Thomas E. Hamilton, MD, PhD;
Lynn Onstad, ScM; and the Hanford Thyroid Disease Study Team
JAMA. 2004;292:2600-2613.
Context Approximately 740 000 Ci (2.73 x 1016 Bq) of iodine 131 (131I) were released to the atmosphere from the Hanford Nuclear Site in Washington State from 1944 through 1957. The risk of thyroid disease resulting from prolonged environmental 131I exposure is poorly understood.
Objective The Hanford Thyroid Disease Study (HTDS) was conducted to determine if thyroid disease is increased among persons exposed as children to atmospheric releases of 131I from Hanford.
Design Retrospective cohort study. Exposure could have occurred from December 1944 through 1957. Follow-up occurred until the time of the HTDS examination (December 1992–September 1997). Participants’ thyroid radiation doses from Hanford’s 131I releases were estimated from interview data regarding residence and dietary histories.
Setting The cohort included a sample of all births from 1940 through 1946 to mothers with usual residence in 1 of 7 counties in eastern Washington State.
Participants Of 5199 individuals identified, 4350 were located alive and 3440 were evaluable; ie, had sufficient data for dose estimation and received an HTDS evaluation for thyroid disease, including a thyroid ultrasound, physical examination, and fine needle biopsy if required to evaluate thyroid nodularity.
Main Outcome Measures Thyroid cancer, benign thyroid nodules, total neoplasia, any thyroid nodules, autoimmune thyroiditis, and hypothyroidism.
Results There was no evidence of a relationship between Hanford radiation dose and the cumulative incidence of any of the outcomes. These results remained unchanged after taking into account several factors that might confound the relationship between radiation dose and the outcomes of interest.
Conclusion These results do not support the hypothesis that exposure during infancy and childhood to 131I at the dose levels (median, 97 mGy; mean, 174 mGy) and exposure circumstances experienced by our study participants increases the risk of the forms of thyroid disease evaluated in this study.
Author Affiliations: Programs in Epidemiology (Drs Davis and Hamilton and Ms Onstad) and Cancer Prevention (Dr Kopecky), Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, and Departments of Epidemiology (Dr Davis) and Biostatistics (Dr Kopecky), School of Public Health and Community Medicine, and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine (Dr Hamilton), University of Washington, Seattle.
RELATED ARTICLES
Thyroid Status, Disability and Cognitive Function, and Survival in Old Age
Jacobijn Gussekloo, Eric van Exel, Anton J. M. de Craen, Arend E. Meinders, Marijke Frölich, and Rudi G. J. Westendorp
JAMA. 2004;292(21):2591-2599.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
A 64-Year-Old Woman With a Thyroid Nodule
Susan J. Mandel
JAMA. 2004;292(21):2632-2642.
EXTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Thyroid Disease in the Oldest Old: The Exception to the Rule
David S. Cooper
JAMA. 2004;292(21):2651-2654.
EXTRACT
| FULL TEXT
THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES
|
Thyrotropin Levels in a Population with No Clinical, Autoantibody, or Ultrasonographic Evidence of Thyroid Disease: Implications for the Diagnosis of Subclinical Hypothyroidism
Hamilton et al.
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2008;93:1224-1230.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
A Cohort Study of Thyroid Cancer and Other Thyroid Diseases after the Chornobyl Accident: Dose-Response Analysis of Thyroid Follicular Adenomas Detected during First Screening in Ukraine (1998-2000)
Zablotska et al.
Am J Epidemiol 2008;167:305-312.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
An Optimal Treatment for Pediatric Graves' Disease Is Radioiodine
Rivkees and Dinauer
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2007;92:797-800.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Autoimmune Thyroiditis and Exposure to Iodine 131 in the Ukrainian Cohort Study of Thyroid Cancer and Other Thyroid Diseases after the Chornobyl Accident: Results from the First Screening Cycle (1998-2000)
Tronko et al.
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2006;91:4344-4351.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Radiation exposure and thyroid cancer.
Hoffman et al.
JAMA 2006;296:513-513.
FULL TEXT
Radiation Exposure and Thyroid Cancer--Reply
Boice
JAMA 2006;296:514-514.
FULL TEXT
A Cohort Study of Thyroid Cancer and Other Thyroid Diseases After the Chornobyl Accident: Thyroid Cancer in Ukraine Detected During First Screening.
Tronko et al.
JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst 2006;98:897-903.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
RESPONSE: Re: Risk of Thyroid Cancer After Exposure to 131I in Childhood
Boice
JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst 2006;98:642-642.
FULL TEXT
Radiation Dose-Response Relationships for Thyroid Nodules and Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases in Hiroshima and Nagasaki Atomic Bomb Survivors 55-58 Years After Radiation Exposure
Imaizumi et al.
JAMA 2006;295:1011-1022.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Thyroid Disease 60 Years After Hiroshima and 20 Years After Chernobyl
Boice
JAMA 2006;295:1060-1062.
FULL TEXT
Hyperparathyroidism in Persons Exposed to Iodine-131 from the Hanford Nuclear Site
Hamilton et al.
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2005;90:6545-6548.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Radiation-induced Thyroid Cancer--What's New?
Boice
JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst 2005;97:703-705.
FULL TEXT
Endocrinology & Metabolism News, January 2005
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2005;90:16a-16a.
FULL TEXT
|
