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Arnold Böcklin (1827-1901), Venus Anadyomene, 1872, Swiss. Oil on panel. 59x46 cm. Courtesy of The Saint Louis Art Museum, St Louis, Mo (http://www.slam.org); museum purchase fund and funds given by Mr and Mrs Lester A. Crancer, Jr, Mr and Mrs Stephen F. Brauer, Mr and Mrs Lawrence E. Langsam, an anonymous friend, and Mr and Mrs Christian B. Peper, Sr.

Enormously popular during his lifetime, the Swiss painter Arnold Böcklin (1827-1901) had his reputation demolished by art critics almost as soon as he was dead. Only a few years earlier national celebrations in Germany and Switzerland had honored him on his 70th birthday. Monographs and articles praised his work. But by 1905 the influential German critic and art historian Julius Meier-Graefe was condemning him as a "dangerous enemy of art and of the spiritual life of the people" (Selz P. German Expressionist Painting. Berkeley: University . . . [Full Text of this Article]

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