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Trudy L. Bush, PhD, MHS; Maura K. Whiteman

JAMA. 1999;281:2140-2141.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text and any section headings.

Does estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) or hormone replacement therapy (HRT) increase the risk of breast cancer? This question is still being asked today, even though more than 5 decades of experience with this therapy and scores of epidemiological studies addressing the issue are available. This important question refuses to go away, despite a lack of direct evidence supporting a causal association. It is a question that remains timely because of societal concerns about breast cancer and the large numbers of women who currently use HRT. And, it is a question that continues to be addressed in the medical literature and lay media because of the commonly held belief that estrogens in some way must cause breast cancer.

Based on information in the article by Gapstur and colleagues¹ in this issue of THE JOURNAL, one new answer to this old question is yes, . . . [Full Text of this Article]

Author Affiliations: Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore.

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