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Guido Reni (1575-1642) Salome With the Head of St John the Baptist 1639-1640. Bolognese. Oil on canvas. 248.5 x 173 cm. Courtesy of The Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (http://www.artic.edu); Louis B. and Rank H. Woods Purchase Fund; photograph © 1999, The Art Institute of Chicago.

The Bolognese painter Guido Reni (1575-1642) was only one of the stars in the great firmament of the 17th century. But he was also one of the brightest, outshining, right up to the middle of the 19th century, many whose names are more familiar to us today than his. Born in Bologna, he was also trained in Bologna, one of the first students at the first art academy ever established, that of the Carraccis. Reni also spent considerable time in Rome, however, and it was there that his art, coming under two competing—and opposing—influences, received its final form. Early on, he . . . [Full Text of this Article]