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JAMA. 1999;282:814.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text and any section headings.

Read before the H. C. Wood Medical Society of the University of Pennsylvania, Jan 12, 1899.

BY FRANCIS R. PACKARD, M. D., DEAN OF THE PHILADELPHIA POLYCLINIC AND COLLEGE FOR GRADUATES IN MEDICINE, ETC. PHILADELPHIA.

Prior to the foundation of medical colleges in North America it was customary for young men desirous of learning "physic," to go abroad and study in the schools of Edinburgh, London, or the Continent, if they had the means; or, if they had not the "wherewithal" they would apprentice themselves for a term of years to some practitioner of repute in the Colonies, and at the expiration of the term of their indenture to him, begin practice on their own account. As there were practically no laws as to who could, or who could not practice medicine, many poorly educated physicians and charlatans arose to feed upon the laity. It has been estimated that at . . . [Full Text of this Article]

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