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Povl Riis, MD, FRCP

JAMA. 2000;284:3045-3046.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text and any section headings.

The first Declaration of Helsinki adopted by the World Medical Association in 1964 was one of the first attempts to transform reactions to the atrocities committed in the name of biomedical research during the Nazi period into preventive measures with a full global perspective. The second version, released in 1975, was rewritten from an observation point closer to active clinical science. The resulting impact on biomedical science was obvious within a few years. The requirement to establish research ethics committees made research ethics visible, not only among scientists but also in society at large.

At the same time, biomedical research expanded toward society in epidemiology and toward basic life processes in molecular biology. Further extension took place geographically with an increasing globalization of research results and multinational research projects.

Consequently, a thorough revision of the 1975 version has been necessary for some years, not to change . . . [Full Text of this Article]

Author Affiliation: Committee on Scientific Dishonesty, Ministry of Science, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Dr Riis was 1 of the 3 Nordic authors involved in drafting the 1975 version of the Declaration of Helsinki.

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