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George L. Irvin III, MD; Denise M. Carneiro, MD

JAMA. 2000;284:934-936.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text and any section headings.

INTRODUCTION

With few exceptions, patients with hypercalcemia, normal renal function, and an elevated intact parathyroid hormone level have primary hyperparathyroidism. Currently, definitive treatment of this disease involves parathyroidectomy, which is the surgical removal of hypersecreting parathyroid gland(s), a procedure that involves surgical exploration of the neck, usually under general anesthesia. Patients with overt symptoms associated with this disease (eg, urinary tract stones, bone pain, cognitive symptoms) and marked hypercalcemia (calcium level >1.0 mg/dL [0.25 mmol/L] above normal range) are usually referred for parathyroidectomy. This procedure results in normocalcemia in 95% to 98% of patients and symptomatic improvement in 82%.^1-3 A more difficult management dilemma occurs in the 80% of patients with hyperparathyroidism presenting with mild hypercalcemia and minimal or no symptoms.

In the last 10 years, several technological advances have influenced the diagnosis and treatment of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. Perhaps the . . . [Full Text of this Article]

Guided Approaches to Parathyroidectomy

Suggested Management

Author Affiliations: Department of Surgery, Jackson Memorial Hospital, University of Miami and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, Fla.

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