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Tong J. Gan, MB

JAMA. 2002;287:1233-1236.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text and any section headings.

INTRODUCTION

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) frequently complicates recovery from surgery. Before the 1960s, when older inhalational anesthetic agents such as ether and cyclopropane were widely used, the incidence of vomiting was as high as 60%.¹ Better anesthetic techniques, along with a new generation of antiemetics and shorter-acting anesthetic drugs, have reduced the overall incidence of PONV to approximately 30%.² However, PONV occurs in as many as 70% of high-risk patients,^3-4 and pediatric populations are not spared. Although the overall incidence may be lower in children younger than 2 years,⁵ procedures such as tonsillectomies and strabismus surgery have a PONV incidence as high as 60%.^6-7 Ambulatory patients appear to have a lower incidence of PONV compared with inpatients,⁸ but this incidence may be related to underrecognition of postdischarge nausea and vomiting. Although PONV is rarely fatal, it is an unpleasant postoperative symptom (BOX). Even mild . . . [Full Text of this Article]

Physiology of and Pharmacology for PONV

Risk Factor Identification

Combination Antiemetics

Complementary Techniques

Postdischarge Nausea and Vomiting

Cost-effectiveness of Antiemetics

Future Development

Conclusion

Author Affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC.

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