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Heart Rate Variability During the Week of September 11, 2001
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To the Editor: Catastrophes such as war or earthquake are known to result in increased incidence of sudden cardiac death among survivors, but the physiological mechanisms remain unknown.1-2 The events of September 11, 2001, produced psychological distress among large numbers of people who were not physically affected by them. We hypothesized that such stress may lead to autonomic dysfunction, which may be reflected in changes in heart rate variability (HRV). Diminished HRV is associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular and sudden death in patients both with and without coronary artery disease (CAD).3-4
Methods
We measured HRV in 12 patients at the Yale-New Haven Hospital who wore 24-hour ambulatory heart monitors during the week of September 11, as well as 12 in control patients who had worn monitors in the preceding 2 months. Control patients were matched for age (within 10 years), sex, presence of CAD or congestive heart failure, and . . . [Full Text of this Article]
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