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To the Editor: Dr Pereira and colleagues¹ found an inverse relationship between dairy consumption and the insulin resistance syndrome. It is conceivable that this relationship may be mediated in part by parathyroid hormone (PTH), which can act on adipocytes to increase their intracellular free calcium levels.² Such an increase can impair glucose transport protein 4 (GLUT-4) function in adipocytes, which renders insulin-stimulated glucose uptake less efficient,² can impede catecholamine-stimulated lipolysis; and can promote de novo lipogenesis.³ The former effect may promote systemic insulin resistance while the latter effects may increase risk for weight gain.³

Both primary and secondary hyperparathyroidism are characterized by insulin resistance⁴ and long-term increased body weight and fat mass.⁵ Parathyroid hormone correlates inversely with insulin sensitivity in healthy adults.⁶ Furthermore, moderate regular alcohol consumption, which down-regulates PTH secretion,⁵ is associated with superior insulin sensitivity, reduced risk for diabetes, greater bone density, and, in women, a lower risk . . . [Full Text of this Article]

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JAMA. 2002;287(16):2081-2089.
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