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Laurent Brochard, MD

JAMA. 2002;288:932-935.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text and any section headings.

INTRODUCTION

Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) delivers mechanical ventilatory support to the lungs with a noninvasive interface between the patient and the ventilator. Noninvasive ventilation has been reported to reduce the incidence of complications of mechanical ventilation and to improve outcomes.^1-8

In contrast with endotracheal mechanical ventilation (ETMV), the interface is usually a nasal mask or a facemask, which must be used properly to avoid air leaks, nose abrasion, eye irritation, and poor overall clinical tolerance. In patients with acute respiratory failure who breathe through the mouth, the nasal mask carries a greater risk of leakage, which can markedly diminish the effectiveness of the technique and worsen the clinical status of the patient.^9-10 Thus, in the setting of the intensive care unit (ICU), the full facemask covering both the nose and the mouth is gaining preference, at least during the early phase of NIV.¹¹ Leaks can induce patient-ventilator asynchrony, generate . . . [Full Text of this Article]

Indications for NIV

Chronic Lung Disease With Acute Respiratory Failure

Acute Cardiogenic Pulmonary Edema

Other Indications

Current Use

Benefits of NIV

Risks of NIV

Author Affiliations: Medical Intensive Care Unit, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique–Hopitaux de Paris, Paris XII Université, and Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 492, Créteil, France.

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