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Naveen Singri, MD; Shubhada N. Ahya, MD; Murray L. Levin, MD

JAMA. 2003;289:747-751.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text and any section headings.

INTRODUCTION

Acute renal failure (ARF) remains a common and critical clinical entity affecting 5% to 7% of all hospitalized patients.^1-2 It is associated with various medical problems, treatments, and procedures. Despite advances in medical care, ARF still carries a significant morbidity and a 20% to 70% mortality rate. Unfortunately, this has not improved during the past 50 years because of a sicker and older population.

Epidemiology

Acute renal failure is characterized by an abrupt decline in renal function resulting in an inability to excrete metabolic wastes and maintain proper fluid and electrolyte balance. Although there is no universal laboratory definition, it is reasonable to define ARF as an increase in serum creatinine for 2 weeks or less of 0.5 mg/dL (44.2 µmol/L) if the baseline is less than 2.5 mg/dL (221 µmol/L) or an increase in serum creatinine by . . . [Full Text of this Article]

Presentation

Causes

Diagnosis

Treatment

Prevention

Conclusion

Author Affiliations: Division of Nephrology/Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill.

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