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Robert J. Sokol, MD; Virginia Delaney-Black, MD, MPH; Beth Nordstrom, PhD

JAMA. 2003;290:2996-2999.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text and any section headings.

INTRODUCTION

Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), currently considered part of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), was first described in 1973.¹ Although much has been learned in 30 years, substantial challenges remain in diagnosing and preventing this disorder. Our goal is to summarize what has recently been reported with respect to fetal alcohol terminology, identification, effects, prevalence, and prevention of exposure. We will emphasize how fetal alcohol exposure is routinely underidentified and what is known about who is at risk. With this knowledge, physicians should be better able to identify at-risk pregnancies and alcohol-affected individuals and address fetal alcohol exposure in the clinical setting.

Fetal Alcohol Terminology

Fetal alcohol syndrome is diagnosed when characteristic facial dysmorphology, growth restriction, and central nervous system/neurodevelopmental abnormalities are present, with or without confirmed prenatal alcohol exposure.² Although it has long been recognized that affected individuals may . . . [Full Text of this Article]

Identification of Drinking During Pregnancy

Characteristics of Individuals With FAS or FASD

Effects and Prevalence of Fetal Alcohol

Challenge of FASD Prevention

Conclusion

Author Affiliations: C. S. Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Children's Research Center, and Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Mich (Drs Sokol and Delaney-Black); Department of Family Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City (Dr Nordstrom).

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