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Terry Young, PhD; James Skatrud, MD; Paul E. Peppard, PhD

JAMA. 2004;291:2013-2016.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text and any section headings.

INTRODUCTION

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep disorder characterized by intermittent complete and partial airway collapse, resulting in frequent episodes of apnea and hypopnea.¹ The breathing pauses cause acute adverse effects, including oxyhemoglobin desaturation, fluctuations in blood pressure and heart rate, increased sympathetic activity, cortical arousal, and sleep fragmentation.¹ The condition has received increasing attention during the past 3 decades. Until 1981, the only effective treatment for OSA was tracheostomy.² The advent of continuous positive air pressure therapy, an effective noninvasive treatment, was a turning point, and clinical interest began to increase in tandem with the accumulation of research linking OSA to cognitive, behavioral, cardiovascular, and cerebrovascular morbidities (Figure 1).^2-3

Figure appears in full text version. Figure. Risk Factors, Symptoms, Outcomes, and Comorbid Conditions of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) in Adults *These conditions are associated with OSA. The associations may be due, . . . [Full Text of this Article]

Demographic Characteristics

Risk Factors

Comorbid Conditions

Conclusions

Author Affiliations: Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin (Drs Young and Peppard); Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine (Dr Skatrud), Madison.

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