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David J. Kupfer, MD

JAMA. 2005;293:2528-2530.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text and any section headings.

Bipolar disorder is one of the world’s 10 most disabling conditions, taking away years of healthy functioning from individuals who have the illness.¹ With no predilection for nation, race, or socioeconomic status, classic manic-depressive illness has a prevalence of approximately 1% across all populations.² However, the personal and societal costs of bipolar disorders are not limited to the more traditional bipolar I subtype, which includes episodes of full-blown mania and major depression.³ Bipolar II disorder, involving episodes of less severe hypomania and major depression, and bipolar spectrum subtypes, which probably bring the prevalence of all bipolar disorders to more than 3% of US individuals, can also be devastating conditions. All bipolar disorders are chronically recurring illnesses associated with substantial morbidity and mortality.^4-6

The morbidity, mortality, and personal suffering associated with bipolar disorder are not simply a result of psychiatric symptoms and the attendant dysfunction. A wide . . . [Full Text of this Article]

Author Affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa.

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