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Scientists Reveal Molecular Mechanism

Tracy Hampton, PhD

JAMA. 2005;293:284-285.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text and any section headings.

Although the detrimental effects of Down syndrome such as mental retardation and congenital heart defects are well known to clinicians, less familiar are apparent benefits seen in many patients with the condition, such as decreased incidences of diabetic retinopathies, atheromas, and some cancers (particularly solid tumors)—conditions linked to angiogenesis. Now, a new study offers a promising theory to explain this phenomenon and perhaps point the way to new antiangiogenic therapies (Minami et al. J Biol Chem. 2004;279:50537-50554).

It turns out that overexpression of a protein encoded by a gene found on chromosome 21 blocks the formation of new blood vessels and reduces tumor growth. (Three copies of chromosome 21 are present in cells of patients with Down syndrome rather than the normal chromosomal complement of two copies.) While the investigators did not set out to study this gene (called Down syndrome critical region 1, or DSCR-1. . . [Full Text of this Article]

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