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Access to Trauma Centers—Reply
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In Reply: With respect to the time intervals used in our models, we tried to incorporate emergency travel times that were typical for the nation. To the best of our knowledge, no national database existed that could have provided us with these times, so we performed a systematic analysis of peer-reviewed studies in the United States as a source of data.1 Although one of the articles we analyzed reported an 11-minute emergency call to liftoff time,2 others reported this time to be as short as 4, 3.5, and 3 minutes.3-5 Our article also included a sensitivity analysis that incorporated additional helicopter time. If, for instance, Drs Davis and Wish believe that a lag of more than 10 minutes is typical for the nation, they could use our results to add 10 minutes, changing the time interval from receipt of an emergency call to liftoff from 3.5 to 13.5 minutes, and . . . [Full Text of this Article]
Charles C. Branas, PhD
cbranas@cceb.med.upenn.edu
Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics
University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine
Philadelphia
Ellen J. MacKenzie, PhD
Center for Injury Research and Policy
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
Baltimore, Md
Justin C. Williams, PhD
Department of Geography and Environmental Engineering
Johns Hopkins Whiting School of Engineering
Baltimore, Md
C. William Schwab, MD
Division of Traumatology and Surgical Critical Care
University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine
Philadelphia
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