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To the Editor: In 1998, an outbreak of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection involving 402 children and 18 mothers of these children occurred at Benghazi Children’s Hospital in Libya. In 2001, 118 of these children and all 18 of the mothers (who were diagnosed as HIV infected in 1999) were referred to the National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani," Rome, Italy. The outbreak had been caused by a single monophyletic strain,¹ and transmission to the children was likely nosocomial.² Because the transmission mode for the mothers remained unknown, we investigated the possibility of child-to-mother transmission through breastfeeding.

Methods

The 118 infected children were members of 113 families. A total of 102 of their mothers (including the 18 who were HIV infected) and 75 of their fathers (including 15 of the 18 husbands of the infected mothers) accompanied the children to Rome and provided written informed consent for a medical protocol . . . [Full Text of this Article]

Ubaldo Visco-Comandini, MD, PhD
viscocomandini@inmi.it

Benedetta Longo, MD; Paola Perinelli, MD; Giuseppina Liuzzi, MD; Valerio Tozzi, MD; Gianfranco Anzidei, MD; Andrea Antinori, MD, PhD; Giuseppe Ippolito, MD; Enrico Girardi, MD
National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani"
Rome, Italy

Mohammed A. Budabbus, MD
Embassy of the Popular Jamajria of Libya
Rome, Italy

Osama A. Eljhawi, MD; Mahadi Mehabresh, MD
El Fath Children’s Hospital
Benghazi, Libya

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