Detection of Vaccinia DNA in the Blood Following Smallpox Vaccination
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To the Editor: Routine administration of the smallpox vaccine ended in the United States in 1972. With the reinitiation of the US smallpox vaccination program in 2002, the risk of transmission of vaccinia virus from a recently vaccinated person to a susceptible host is a concern. Secondary transmission is biologically plausible because of evidence of viral persistence in vaccinees. Vaccinia virus has been cultured from the oropharynx of vaccine recipients with a normal course following vaccination.1 In the 1960s and 1970s, it was isolated from the blood and urine of a limited number of vaccine recipients who had complications following vaccination.2 More sensitive molecular techniques are now available for detecting viruses in clinical specimens. We describe findings using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect vaccinia DNA in smallpox vaccine recipients.
Methods
Between April 2003 and April 2004, 431 persons who were to receive the smallpox vaccine at Travis Air Force . . . [Full Text of this Article]
Michael R. Savona, MD
msavona@med.umich.edu
Department of Internal Medicine
University of Michigan
Ann Arbor
Wilfred P. Dela Cruz, PhD;
Morris S. Jones, PhD;
Jennifer A. Thornton, PhD
Clinical Investigation Facility
David Grant US Air Force Medical Center
Travis Air Force Base, Calif
Dongxiang Xia, MD, PhD
Norfolk Public Health Laboratory
Commonwealth of Virginia
Norfolk
Ted L. Hadfield, PhD
Midwest Research Institute
Palm Bay, Fla
Patrick J. Danaher, MD
Department of Infectious Disease
David Grant US Air Force Medical Center
Travis Air Force Base, Calif
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