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To the Editor: The state of impaired cognition, grogginess, and disorientation commonly experienced on awakening from sleep has been referred to as sleep inertia.¹ Morning cognitive impairment associated with sleep inertia has been described as modest¹ but has not been well quantified. Because some safety-sensitive occupations require individuals to perform immediately on awakening, we directly compared the effects of sleep inertia and sleep deprivation on cognition.

Methods

Participants were 9 paid volunteers (mean [SD] age, 29.1 [6.4] years; range, 20-41 years; 8 men) with no medical, psychiatric, or sleep disorders. They were free of medications, alcohol, nicotine, recreational drugs, and caffeine for 3 weeks before the study, verified by toxicologic analysis. Persons who had performed shift work in the past 3 years or traveled across more than 1 time zone in the previous 3 months were excluded.

Participants maintained sleep schedules of about 8 hours per night for 3 weeks before . . . [Full Text of this Article]

Adam T. Wertz, BS
Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory
Department of Integrative Physiology
University of Colorado
Boulder

Joseph M. Ronda, MS
Division of Sleep Medicine
Brigham and Women's Hospital
Harvard Medical School
Boston, Mass

Charles A. Czeisler, PhD, MD
Division of Sleep Medicine
Brigham and Women's Hospital
Harvard Medical School
Boston, Mass

Kenneth P. Wright, Jr, PhD
kenneth.wright@colorado.edu
Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory
Department of Integrative Physiology
University of Colorado
Boulder

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