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Joan Stephenson, PhD

JAMA. 2006;295:265.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text and any section headings.

Starting boys on a diet low in saturated fat from infancy and maintaining it through their first decade of life can reduce the risk of heart disease or stroke by improving artery health, according to a new study by Finnish researchers (Raitakari OT et al. Circulation. 2005;112:3786-3794).

In the study, 1062 7-month-old infants were randomly assigned to a diet low in saturated fat or an unrestricted diet. Physicians and dieticians also counseled families of the children in the low-saturated-fat group about diet and lifestyle. Throughout the study, cholesterol levels were 5% to 8% lower in boys (but not girls) in the diet group compared with boys in control group.

Of the 614 children who attended their 11-year follow-up visit, 369 underwent ultrasound to assess arterial endothelium function using the dilation response of the vessels to inflation and deflation of a blood pressure cuff. Healthy endothelium is . . . [Full Text of this Article]