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Implementing Positive Prevention in Africa

Rebecca Bunnell, ScD, MEd; Jonathan Mermin, MD, MPH; Kevin M. De Cock, MD, FRCP, DTM&H

JAMA. 2006;296:855-858.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text and any section headings.

The enormous human tragedy represented by more than 2.4 million deaths and 3.2 million incident human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections in sub-Saharan Africa in 2005¹ highlights the inadequacy of current HIV prevention efforts in Africa. Although considerable expansion of antiretroviral therapy (ART) programs is occurring in Africa, prevention efforts have not kept pace. In low-income countries, substantial investment in prevention may be cost-effective, since future care and treatment costs will be averted. New approaches and new resources might reinvigorate underfinanced HIV prevention efforts and avoid a widening gap between the numbers of individuals needing and receiving ART.

Positive Prevention

Internationally, HIV prevention efforts traditionally have concentrated on reducing HIV acquisition risk, focusing primarily on uninfected individuals or ignoring the serostatus of target populations. When HIV prevention efforts began in Africa nearly 20 years ago, HIV testing was . . . [Full Text of this Article]

Ensuring Individuals With HIV Learn Their HIV Status

Disclosure of HIV Status to Partners

HIV Testing of Partners

Provision of ART

Reduce Behaviors That Put Others at Risk

Prevention of Unintended Pregnancies and MTCT

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Leadership by Individuals With HIV

Promising Interventions and Prevention Research

Author Affiliations: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention–Uganda, Global AIDS Program, National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Entebbe (Drs Bunnell and Mermin); and Department of HIV/AIDS, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland (Dr De Cock).

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