This Article  • Full text  • PDF  • Send to a friend  • Save in My Folder  • Save to citation manager  • Permissions  Citing Articles  • Citation map  • Citing articles on HighWire  • Citing articles on ISI (2)  • Contact me when this article is cited  Related Content  • Similar articles in JAMA  Topic Collections  • Neurology  • Cerebrovascular Disease  • Cardiovascular System, Other  • Alert me on articles by topic

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text and any section headings.

To the Editor: Carotid stenting has been shown to be noninferior to carotid endarterectomy for treatment of severe carotid stenosis.¹ Virtual reality simulation training to proficiency has been recommended in the certification process for carotid stenting.^2-3 Virtual reality simulation also allows mission rehearsal,⁴ practicing a procedure using an individual patient's anatomy in a virtual environment prior to the actual procedure. Although this concept is used by the military and in aviation, we are not aware of prior implementation in medical practice. We describe what we believe to be the first mission rehearsal carotid stenting case using a specific patient's digital vascular anatomy.

Methods

The patient was a 64-year-old man with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, prior right carotid endarterectomy, and recent transient ischemic attacks. The right internal carotid artery had an ulcerated lesion with 80% stenosis. After written and oral informed consent, the patient underwent virtual reality mission rehearsal of the . . . [Full Text of this Article]

Christopher U. Cates, MD
christopher.cates@emoryhealthcare.org

Amar D. Patel, MD; William J. Nicholson, MD
Division of Cardiology
Department of Medicine
Emory University School of Medicine
Atlanta, Ga

THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES

Simulation: Present and Future Roles
Marco and Holmes
J Am Coll Cardiol Intv 2008;1:590-592.
FULL TEXT