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Smoking and Type 2 DiabetesUnderrecognized Risks and Disease Burden
Eric L. Ding, ScD;
Frank B. Hu, MD, PhD
JAMA. 2007;298(22):2675-2676.
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Although smoking has long been acknowledged as a major contributor to the global burden of cardiovascular disease and cancer, the adverse effect of smoking on type 2 diabetes has been generally underrecognized. Indeed, the most recent Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates of smoking-attributable mortality do not incorporate the impact of smoking on diabetes.1
Diabetes exerts a considerable national and global disease burden. For US residents born in 2000, an estimated 1 in 3 will develop diabetes during their lifetime.2 Approximately 21 million persons in the United States currently have diabetes, with an additional 41 million with prediabetes.3 The American Diabetes Association estimates that diabetes costs US society $132 billion annually, with the economic burden expected to increase to $192 billion by 2020.4 Globally, more than 150 million people have diabetes, with international prevalence expected to double by 2025.5
In . . . [Full Text of this Article]
Author Affiliations: Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology (Drs Ding and Hu), Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Division of Preventive Medicine (Dr Ding) and Channing Laboratory (Dr Hu), Department of Medicine (Drs Ding and Hu), Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston.
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