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To the Editor: In their longitudinal cohort study, Dr Golden and colleagues¹ reported an inverse association between impaired fasting glucose and depressive symptoms; a positive association was identified between treated type 2 diabetes and the development of depressive symptoms. A complementary analysis showed a significantly higher incidence of type 2 diabetes among participants with elevated depressive symptoms. However, the authors did not report whether there was an association between baseline depressive symptoms and the incidence of impaired fasting glucose. This is important because early identification of prediabetes and subsequent intervention with lifestyle modifications or pharmacotherapy (eg, metformin) may reduce the onset of type 2 diabetes.²

In addition, the findings related to impaired fasting glucose must be interpreted in light of it being a component of the metabolic syndrome, a constellation of factors that increase the risk for developing cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Men and women with metabolic syndrome . . . [Full Text of this Article]

David E. Kemp, MD
kemp.david@gmail.com

Joseph R. Calabrese, MD
Department of Psychiatry

Faramarz Ismail-Beigi, MD, PhD
Department of Medicine
Case Western Reserve University
Cleveland, Ohio

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Depressive Symptoms and Diabetes—Reply
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