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Joan Stephenson, PhD

JAMA. 2009;302(3):246.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text and any section headings.

South Africa's HIV/AIDS epidemic appears to have stabilized at a prevalence of about 11%, according to a national survey by the Human Sciences Research Council (http://www.hsrc.ac.za/Document-3238.phtml).

Although the overall prevalence has shown little change since the council's first 2 surveys in 2002 and 2005, the latest report found substantial decreases in HIV incidence among young South Africans aged 15 to 24 years, from 10.3% in 2005 to 8.6% in 2008. HIV prevalence also decreased among children aged 2 to 14 years, from 5.6% in 2002 to 2.5% in 2008.

These promising trends appear to reflect successful implementation of prevention efforts, including programs to prevent mother-to-child transmission and promotion of increased condom use. However, the report noted that "the overall situation remains dire" and that considerable challenges remain, including the high level of HIV prevalence among women aged 25 to 29 years—33%—that has persisted since the . . . [Full Text of this Article]

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