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Concerns about memory, word-finding, or other cognitive (mental function) problems are common among older adults. A mild cognitive problem is different from dementia, however, because dementia is diagnosed only when both memory and another cognitive function are each affected severely enough to interfere with a person's ability to carry out routine daily activities. Dementia is much more severe than a mild memory problem such as difficulty recalling names. The July 22/29, 2009, issue of JAMA includes an article about mild cognitive impairment. This Patient Page is based on one published in the October 1, 2008, issue.

SOME CONDITIONS ASSOCIATED WITH MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT

• Some cognitive faculties decrease with normal aging but not enough to significantly affect daily activities.
  
• Early Alzheimer disease
  
• Silent or recognized strokes—which can progress to vascular dementia
  
• Brain injury
  
• Brain tumors
  
• Delirium (confusion and agitation, often due to illness or medication effects)
  
• Central nervous system infections
  
• Major surgeries such as open heart surgery
  
• . . . [Full Text of this Article]

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