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Group 1, Stages 0, A, and B, Grades I and II: Superficial, Low-Grade Carcinomas

Philip Rubin, MD

JAMA. 1968;206(12):2719.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text PDF and any section headings.

There is a stage in bladder cancer where the disease is circumscribed and noninfiltrative (Introductory Figure). At this stage, the cancer can be eradicated easily, but care must be taken to preserve organ integrity. Careful judgment is essential in order to predict the eventual outcome and select the method which offers the best control without compromise of function. At first thought, this problem would seem to offer little therapeutic challenge, since fulguration with transurethral resection should contain and even "cure" this phase of the cancer.

The dilemma arises in the continual exposure of the bladder epithelium to substances in the urine which can incite the process again. The recurrent lesion or a multiplicity of new lesions each increase the likelihood of deeper penetration, lymphnode invasion, and metastases. Identification of the patient whose cancer will recur and extend is possible only through repeated follow-up cystoscopic examinations.

The therapeutic line that the . . . [Full Text PDF of this Article]

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