History
A 63-year-old man was admitted with an eight-month history of hypertension, anemia, and bilateral pedal edema. Physical examination revealed a firm mass in the right upper quadrant and bilateral pedal edema. The liver was slightly enlarged.
Laboratory studies disclosed the following values: hemoglobin, 11.2 g/ dL; hematocrit, 33%; urinalysis, negative; lactic dehydrogenase, slightly elevated to 728 µmole/min; and alkaline phosphatase, slightly elevated to 105 µmole/min.
An excretory urogram was obtained (Fig 1).
Diagnosis
Renal carcinoma with invasion and obstruction of the inferior vena cava.
Comment
An excretory urogram shows a mass in the middle and lower poles of the right kidney with distortion of the calices. The lower ureters are medially displaced, and the urinary bladder is pear-shaped with elevation of its base. Nephrotomography showed the renal mass to be solid. The evidence of a solid renal mass with a pear-shaped urinary bladder should suggest renal cell carcinoma invading
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